How to Check Your Ubuntu and Kernel Version, and Why It Matters

Ubuntu is one of the most popular Linux-based operating systems, widely used by both professional developers and regular users. For those just starting to explore this OS, knowing its version and kernel version is akin to knowing the make and model of your phone or car. This information proves useful in various situations:

Why You Need to Know Your Version:

➡️Installing Applications: Many apps have specific system version requirements.

➡️Troubleshooting: Accurate version details are often required on forums or for tech support.

➡️Hardware Compatibility: Ensures devices like printers or graphics cards work properly with your system.

Scenarios Where Version Knowledge is Essential:

➡️Planning to install software supported only on specific Ubuntu versions.

➡️Facing issues and needing help from the community or support teams.

➡️Looking for system setup instructions tailored to your version.

Now, let's explore how to retrieve this information.

How to Check the System Version

The easiest way is by using the command:

lsb_release -a

Press Enter, and the system details, including the version, will appear in the Description line.

How to Check the Kernel Version

The kernel is the "heart" of the operating system, managing interactions between hardware and software, such as the CPU, GPU, memory, and more.

Method 1: Using uname

1. Open the terminal.

Enter the command:

uname -r

2. Press Enter, and you'll see something like:

5.15.0-73-generic

The initial numbers (e.g., 5.15.0) represent the kernel version.

Method 2: Using hostnamectl

This command provides kernel version details along with other system information:

hostnamectl

Look for the Kernel line in the output.

Method 3: Reading /proc/version

If the previous methods don’t work, you can directly access the system file:

cat /proc/version

Press Enter, and the kernel version will appear in the output.

How to Get Hardware Information

For a deeper understanding of your computer’s capabilities, use these commands:

➡️Check CPU specifications:

lscpu

➡️View available RAM:

 free -h

➡️List connected devices and disks:

lsblk

What to Do If Your Version is Outdated

Using an outdated version of Ubuntu or its kernel can leave your system vulnerable to threats. Regular updates are crucial for security and stability.

Updating the System

To update installed software:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

The system may ask for confirmation. Press Y and Enter. Once completed, all applications will be updated.

Upgrading Ubuntu to a Newer Version

If you wish to move to a newer Ubuntu version:

sudo do-release-upgrade

Follow the on-screen instructions. The process may take time as the system downloads necessary files.

Updating the Kernel Only

To install the latest kernel version:

sudo apt install linux-generic

After the update, reboot your computer:

sudo reboot

The new kernel version will then be active.

Checking Available Updates

To see which packages can be updated, enter:

sudo apt list --upgradable

You’ll get a list of packages, such as:

libexample/xenial-updates 1.2.3-4ubuntu1

Why This Information Matters

Your Ubuntu and kernel version serve as your system’s "passport." Knowing these details helps you:

➡️Ensure compatibility with apps and hardware.

➡️Troubleshoot issues effectively using accurate recommendations.

➡️Enhance security by avoiding vulnerabilities through updates.

For example, if an old kernel version has a bug, a patch or newer version will fix it. Regularly checking and updating your system ensures safe and stable operation. Even if you’re new to Ubuntu, following these guidelines will help you master essential system management skills.